DNA is a double-stranded helix. The 2 sugar-phosphate backbones are associated by hydrogen bonds that for in between nitrogenous bases. The DNA bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and also guanine (G). In DNA, adenine always pairs with thyine and also cytosine constantly pairs through guanine. These pairings occur because of geometry that the base,s enable hydrogen binding to form only between the "right" pairs. Adenine and thymine will type two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine will form three hydrogen bonds. This hydrogen bonding brings security to the DNA.
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Example inquiry #42 : Dna
The double-helix structure of DNA was uncovered using X-ray crystallography (Rosalind Franklin) and also elucidated by Watson and Crick. Prior to this discovery, it was previously known that DNA is consisted of of four nucleotide bases: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. Adenine always binds come thymine, if guanine always binds come cytosine.
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You analyze a double-helix and determine the 17% of the helix is consisted of of the nucleotide adenin (A). What percentage of the exact same helix must be comprised of the nucleotide guanine (G)?
Possible Answers:
Correct answer:
Explanation:
Nucleotides the bind with each other will always be current in equal quantities in a sample that DNA. This principle is well-known as Chargaff"s rule. Essentially, the percentage of adenine will be same to the portion of thymine, when the percentage of guanine will be same to the percentage of cytosine.
Together, every one of the percentages must include up come 100%.
We know that the sample is 17% adenine, which method it is additionally 17% thymine.
We have the right to use this equation to solve for the portion of guanine.
Guanine and cytosine pair together, which way they will certainly be present in same amounts. To find the percent of guanine, we have the right to simply divide by 2.
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Example concern #43 : Dna
In complementary basic pairing that DNA, guanine always pairs with __________ and adenine always pairs with __________.
Possible Answers:
cytosine . . . Uracil
guanine . . . Adenine
thymine . . . Cytosine
cytosine . . . Thymine
Correct answer:
cytosine . . . Thymine
Explanation:
The four nitrogenous bases that DNA room thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Guanine and also cytosine are bound together by three hydrogen bonds; whereas, adenine and also thymine space bound together by 2 hydrogen bonds. This is recognized as complementary base pairing. In RNA, the nucleotide thymine is replaced by the nucleotide uracil.
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Example inquiry #44 : Dna
Which type of shortcut is responsible for holding complementary base pairs together?
Possible Answers:
Single covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Double covalent bond
Ionic bond
Correct answer:
Hydrogen bond
Explanation:
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a chain of 2 strands the nucleotide that are connected to one one more through hydrogen bonding and also arranged right into a structure known as a double-helix. Nucleotides space molecular components of DNA that are composed of a deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. The backbone of DNA is composed of phosphodiester bonds comprised of interchanging phosphate groups and also deoxyribose sugars. The four nitrogenous bases of DNA are thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Guanine and cytosine space bonded with each other by 3 hydrogen bonds; whereas, adenine and also thymine are bonded with each other by two hydrogen bonds. This is well-known as complementary base pairing. One strand of the DNA double helix will certainly be in a 5’
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Example inquiry #45 : Dna
The orientation the the two strands that the DNA molecule are considered to be __________.
Possible Answers:
parallel
antiparallel
perpendicular
transverse
Correct answer:
antiparallel
Explanation:
DNA is a chain of two strands of nucleotides that are linked to one another through hydrogen bonds and also arranged right into a structure known as a double-helix. Nucleotides space molecular contents of DNA that are composed that a deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and also a phosphate group. The backbone the DNA consists of phosphodiester bonds made up of interchanging phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugars. The 4 nitrogenous bases that DNA are thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Guanine and cytosine space bound together by three hydrogen bonds; whereas, adenine and also thymine room bound together by two hydrogen bonds. This is known as complementary base pairing. One strand of the DNA double helix will certainly be in a 5’
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Example question #46 : Dna
You analysis a double-helix and determine that 17% of the helix is consisted of of the nucleotide adenin (A). What percent of the same helix should be comprised of the nucleotide guanine (G)?
Possible Answers:
Correct answer:
Explanation:
Nucleotides the bind together will always be present in equal amounts in a sample that DNA. This principle is recognized as Chargaff"s rule. Essentially, the percentage of adenine will certainly be same to the percent of thymine, if the percentage of guanine will certainly be equal to the percent of cytosine.
Together, every one of the percentages must include up come 100%.
We recognize that the sample is 17% adenine, which method it is additionally 17% thymine.
We have the right to use this equation to resolve for the portion of guanine.
Guanine and also cytosine pair together, which method they will certainly be existing in equal amounts. To discover the percent of guanine, we can simply division by 2.
You can examine your price if needed:
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Example inquiry #47 : Dna
DNA polymerase is provided to crate a brand-new DNA strand based upon the adhering to template strand.
5"-GCCTCATGA-3"
Which that the following shows the correct complementary strand?
Possible Answers:
5"-UCAUGAGGC-3"
5"-TCATGAGGC-3"
5"-CGGAGTACT-3"
5"-AGTACTCCG-3"
Correct answer:
5"-TCATGAGGC-3"
Explanation:
When identify the complementary strand, remember the it will be written in opposing direction that the layout strand. This way that the new strand"s 5" finish will begin at the 3" finish of the theme strand. The complementary strand will also be created of the nucleotides that complete the basic pairs discovered in DNA (A-T and also C-G).
Template: 5"-GCCTCATGA-3"
Answer: 5"-TCATGAGGC-3"
To watch these pairs complement up, the 3" end of the answer must align through the 5" finish of the template.
Template: 5"-GCCTCATGA-3"
Answer (3"-5"): 3"-CGGAGTACT-5"
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Example question #48 : Dna
Which that the adhering to bases room purines?
Possible Answers:
Adenine and guanine
Adenine and thymine
Adenine, thymine, and also uracil
Guanine and also cytosine
Cytosine, thymine, and also uracil
Correct answer:
Adenine and guanine
Explanation:
There space two classes of bases in DNA and also RNA: purines and also pyrimidines. The difference between these great is the structure of the base. Purines have actually two rings in their structure, when pyrimidines have actually only one. Purines will certainly pair v pyrimidines.
The purines are adenine and also guanine, and the pyrimidines space thymine, cytosine, and also uracil. You can remember that the bases that contain a "y" are pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine).
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Example question #49 : Dna
What is a common feature of all the nucleotides in DNA?
Possible Answers:
They save on computer the exact same atoms in various structures
They space the same nucleotides provided in RNA
They space all used in equal amounts in a strand the DNA
They are bound come a street backbone
Each that the nucleotides can bind to any type of of the other ones
Correct answer:
They space bound come a street backbone
Explanation:
There are 4 nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and also thymine. A nucleotide is created of among these bases bound to a deoxyribose sugar and also a phosphate group. Polymers that nucleotides form strands of DNA, i m sorry adhere to one one more by hydrogen bonding in between the bases.
Each strand the DNA is unique and may contain any type of ratio the the nitrogenous bases, yet strands that DNA will constantly be complementary to one another. The structure of the bases needs that adenine tie to thymine and cytosine tie to guanine to preserve the structure integrity that the DNA molecule. RNA does no contain thymine, and instead offers uracil.
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Example question #50 : Dna
The DNA the a eukaryotic cell is found to contain 30% cytosine. The DNA also contains __________.
Possible Answers:
20% adenine
20% guanine
30% thymine
30% adenine
Correct answer:
20% adenine
Explanation:
There are 4 bases in DNA: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. Adenine always pairs with thymine, so the number of adenine residues constantly equals the number of thymine residues. Guanine constantly pairs v cytosine, which means they are always present in equal quantities as well. If one strand consists of three cytosine bases and five thymine bases, climate the the contrary strand should contain 3 guanine bases and five adenine bases.
The trick come this difficulty is remembering the the sum of all 4 bases through percentage need to be 100%.
We recognize that 30% that the bases are cytosine. Since cytosine pairs with guanine, over there is also 30% guanine.
That leave us with 40% the the bases being thymine and adenine.
Since adenine and thymine will be equal, each will stand for 20% that the DNA composition.
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