Gold
element 79 of regular table is Gold v atomic number 79, atomic load 196.96655. Gold, price Au, has actually a Face focused Cubic structure and Gold color. Gold is a shift metal element. Trivial surname of yellow is coinage metals. Recognize everything about Gold Facts, physics Properties, chemical Properties, electronic configuration, Atomic and also Crystal Structure.
Gold is a chemical element with prize Au (from Latin:aurum) and also atomic number 79. In its purest form, the is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable and ductile metal. Chemically, yellow is a shift metal and a group 11 element.
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Gold Facts
Read vital information and also facts around element Gold
| surname | Gold |
| atomic Number | 79 |
| atomic Symbol | Au |
| Atomic weight | 196.96655 |
| phase | Solid |
| shade | Gold |
| Classification | transition metal |
| group in regular Table | 11 |
| Group Name | copper family |
| duration in regular Table | 6 |
| Block in regular Table | d-block |
| Electronic Configuration | |
| Melting allude | 1064.18 °C |
| Boiling allude | 2856 °C |
| Electronic covering Structure | <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1> |
| CAS Number | CAS7440-57-5 |
community
46
Pd
47
Ag
48
Cd
78
Pt
79
Au
80
Hg
110
Ds
111
Rg
112
Cn
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
| 1 | 1 H 2 He | |||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 3 Li 4 Be 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne | |||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar | |||||||||||||||||
| 4 | 19 K 20 Ca 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr | |||||||||||||||||
| 5 | 37 Rb 38 Sr 39 Y 40 Zr 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 In 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 I 54 Xe | |||||||||||||||||
| 6 | 55 Cs 56 Ba 72 Hf 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt 79 Au 80 Hg 81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po 85 At 86 Rn | |||||||||||||||||
| 7 | 87 Fr 88 Ra 104 Rf 105 Db 106 Sg 107 Bh 108 Hs 109 Mt 110 Ds 111 Rg 112 Cn 113 Nh 114 Fl 115 Mc 116 Lv 117 Ts 118 Og | |||||||||||||||||
| Lanthanides | 57 La 58 Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu | |||||||||||||||||
| Actinide | 89 Ac 90 Th 91 Pa 92 U 93 Np 94 Pu 95 Am 96 Cm 97 Bk 98 Cf 99 Es 100 Fm 101 Md 102 No 103 Lr |
discover our interactive periodic table
How to situate Gold on routine Table
Periodic table is i ordered it by atom number, number of protons in the nucleus which is very same as variety of electrons. The atomic number boosts from left to right. Routine table start at height left ( atomic number 1) and also ends at bottom appropriate (atomic number 118). Because of this you can straight look for atomic number 79 to find Gold on periodic table.
Another means to read routine table and locate an element is through using team number (column) and duration number (row). To situate Gold on periodic table look because that cross ar of group 11 and period 6 in the modern-day periodic table.
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Table of Contents
History
Abundance
Physical Properties
Thermal Properties
Crystal Structure
Atomic & orbital Properties
Chemical Properties
Isotopes
Health and also Safety Parameters and Guidelines
Databases
Compare gold with various other elements
Gold History
The element Gold was discovered by Middle east in year 2500 BC in unknown ar . Gold obtained its name from English native (aurum in Latin)
Gold Presence: diversity in Nature and also Around Us
The table below shows the diversity of gold in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth"s Crust, Oceans and Human Body.
| abundance in cosmos | 6×10-8% |
| diversity in sunlight | 1×10-7% |
| diversity in Meteorites | 1.7e-07 |
| Abundance in Earth"s tardy | 3.1×10-7% |
| variety in oceans | 5×10-9% |
| diversity in human beings | 1e-07 |
Crystal framework of Gold
The hard state framework of gold is Face focused Cubic.
The crystal structure can be explained in terms of its unit Cell. The unit cells repeats chin in 3 dimensional space to kind the structure.
Unit cell Parameters
The unit cell is represented in regards to its lattice parameters, which space the lengths that the cell edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)
| 407.82 | 407.82 | 407.82 pm |
and the angles between them Lattice angle (alpha, beta and also gamma).
| π/2 | π/2 | π/2 |
The location of the atoms inside the unit cabinet are explained by the set of atomic positions ( xi, yi, zi) measured indigenous a referral lattice point.
The symmetry nature of the decision are defined by the ide of an are groups. All possible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional an are are explained by the 230 space groups (219 distinctive types, or 230 if chiral duplicates are thought about distinct.
| an are Group name | Fm_ 3m |  |
| an are Group Number | 225 | |
| Crystal structure | Face centered Cubic |
Gold Atomic and also Orbital Properties
Gold atoms have 79 electrons and also the electronic shell framework is <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1> with Atomic ax Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 2S1/2.
| atomic Number | 79 |
| Number of electrons (with no charge) | 79 |
| Number the Protons | 79 |
| Mass Number | 197 |
| Number that Neutrons | 118 |
| Shell framework (Electrons per energy level) | <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1> |
| Electron configuration | |
| Valence Electrons | 5d10 6s1 |
| Oxidation State | -3;-2;-1 1;2;3;5 |
| Atomic ax Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 2S1/2 |
Shell structure of yellow - electrons per energy level
Ground State digital Configuration of yellow - neutral gold atom
The soil state digital configuration that Neutral gold atom isSee more: Kirlia Pokédex: St At What Level Does Kirlia Evolve, What Level Does Male Kirlia Evolve
Unabbreviated digital configuration that neutral gold
Complete ground state electronic configuration because that the yellow atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s1
Atomic framework of Gold
Gold atom radius is 174 pm, if it"s covalent radius is 144 pm.
| atom Radius | 174 afternoon (1.74 Å) |
| Atomic Volume | 10.2055207254 cm3 |
| Covalent Radius | 144 afternoon (1.44 Å) |
| valve der Waals Radius | 166 pm |
| spirit Cross section | 98.7 σa/barns |
Atomic Spectrum of Gold
Gold chemical Properties: gold Ionization Energies and also electron affinity
The electron affinity of gold is 222.8 kJ/mol
| Valence | 5 |
| Electronegativity | 2.54 |
| ElectronAffinity | 222.8 kJ/mol |
Ionization energy of yellow
Refer come table listed below for Ionization energies of Gold
| 1 | 890.1 |
| 2 | 1980 |
Gold physical Properties
Refer to below table for Gold physical Properties
| thickness | 19.3 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 10.2055207254 cm3 |
Elastic Properties
| Young Modulus | 78 GPa |
| Shear Modulus | 27 GPa |
| mass Modulus | 220 GPa |
| Poisson proportion | 0.44 |
Hardness of yellow - tests to measure up of Hardness of Element
| Mohs Hardness | 2.5 MPa |
| Vickers Hardness | 216 MPa |
| Brinell Hardness | 2450 MPa |
Gold electric Properties
yellow is Conductor of electricity. Describe table listed below for the electric properties of gold
| electric Conductivity | 4.5×107 S/m |
| Resistivity | 2.2×10-8 m Ω |
| Superconducting allude | N/A |
Gold Heat and also Conduction Properties
| heat Conductivity | 320 W/(m K) |
| Thermal growth | 0.0000142 K-1 |
Gold Magnetic Properties
| Magnetic type | Diamagnetic |
| Curie suggest | N/A |
| mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.78×10-9 |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -3.51×10-10 |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -3.44e-05 |
Optical properties of Gold
| Refractive index | N/A |
Acoustic properties of Gold
| speed of Sound | 1740 m/s |
Gold heat Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
Refer to table listed below for thermal properties that Gold
| Melting suggest | 1337.33 K (1064.18 °C) |
| Boiling allude | 3129 K (2856 °C) |
| critical Temperature | N/A |
| Superconducting point | N/A |
Enthalpies of Gold
| warm of fusion | 12.5 kJ/mol |
| warm of Vaporization | 330 kJ/mol |
| warmth of combustion | N/A |
Gold isotopes - nuclear Properties of gold
Isotopes of rhodium. Naturally developing Gold has actually 1 stable isotope - 197Au.
| 169Au | ||||
| 170Au | ||||
| 171Au | ||||
| 172Au | ||||
| 173Au | ||||
| 174Au | ||||
| 175Au | ||||
| 176Au | ||||
| 177Au | ||||
| 178Au | ||||
| 179Au | ||||
| 180Au | ||||
| 181Au | ||||
| 182Au | ||||
| 183Au | ||||
| 184Au | ||||
| 185Au | ||||
| 186Au | ||||
| 187Au | ||||
| 188Au | ||||
| 189Au | ||||
| 190Au | ||||
| 191Au | ||||
| 192Au | ||||
| 193Au | ||||
| 194Au | ||||
| 195Au | ||||
| 196Au | ||||
| 197Au | 100% | stable | N/A | |
| 198Au | ||||
| 199Au | ||||
| 200Au | ||||
| 201Au | ||||
| 202Au | ||||
| 203Au | ||||
| 204Au | ||||
| 205Au |
Regulatory and also Health - Health and Safety Parameters and also Guidelines
| CAS Number | CAS7440-57-5 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSMD5070000 |
| period Hazard class | N/A |
| dot Numbers | N/A |
| EU Number | N/A |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 0 |
| NFPA perils | N/A |
| NFPA health and wellness Rating | 2 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 |
| Autoignition suggest | N/A |
| Flashpoint | N/A |
Database Search
perform of distinctive identifiers to find the element in miscellaneous chemical it is registered databases
| CAS Number - chemistry Abstracts business (CAS) | CAS7440-57-5 |
| CID Number | CID23985 |
| Gmelin Number | N/A |
| NSC Number | N/A |
| RTECS Number | RTECSMD5070000 |